Today is the sacred festival of Ganesh Chaturthi. 'Ga' symbolises Buddhi (intellect), 'Na' stands for Vijnana (wisdom). So, Ganapati is the master of Buddhi and Vijnana. The universe is sustained by Ganas (gods) and Ganapati is their master. In this world, everybody has a master, but Ganapati has none. He is a master by himself. This is the birthday of the Master of Masters. Ganapati is also called Mooshika Vahana (one who has a mouse as his vehicle). You may wonder how a small mooshika can carry on its back a hefty personality like Vinayaka. Here mooshika does not mean a mere mouse. It symbolises the darkness of ignorance because it is in darkness that the mouse moves about. Hence, Mooshika Vahana is one who subdues ignorance and dispels darkness. It is only when we understand the inner significance of the Vinayaka principle that we will be able to celebrate Vinayaka Chaturthi properly. One of the main teachings of the Bhagavad Gita is contained in the sloka.

So long as man is immersed in body attachment, all types of hardships and misery haunt him. Body attachment is the root cause of sankalpas (thoughts). That is why Krishna exhorted man to give up body attachment. The inner meaning of this statement is that man should experience unity in diversity. Without vyashti (individual), there cannot be samashti (society). Without samashti, there cannot be srishti (creation). So, first of all we have to recognise the role of vyashti. Only then can we understand the principle of samashti, which will in turn lead to the understanding of srishti. One who understands srishti becomes one with parameshti (God). In fact, the principles of samashti, srishti and parameshti are very much present in vyashti. Hence, one has to make efforts to understand vyashti in the first instance.

Vyashti symbolises the individual (Jeeva) whereas samashti stands for God (Deva). There is not much difference between the individual soul and the Cosmic Spirit. So long as the vyashti identifies himself with the body he leads a very ordinary life. It is only when he identifies himself with samashti can he understand the principle of creation. So, firstly man should make efforts to understand the true meaning of vyashti. This is the message of Vinayaka. The letter 'Ga' (intellect) in the name Ganapati symbolises this aspect. The letter 'Na' stands for vijnana (wisdom). So, Ganapati is one who grants good intellect and confers wisdom.

Today people perform Vinayaka worship without actually understanding its significance. Vinayaka symbolises the qualities of a true leader in all aspects. "Viyate Nayake Iti Vinayaka" meaning, He is a master unto Himself. In this world Vinayaka is worshipped by many. However, Vinayaka does not worship anyone as He has no master above Him. Even Easwara, the father, worships His son Vinayaka, but it does not happen the other way.

Today no one is making an attempt to know the principle of Parameshti, who is the fundamental force behind Vyashti, Samashti and Srishti. Parameshti is the master of all. In this world, man undertakes various activities, of which some are good and some are bad. Man's Sankalpa (thought) is the root cause of this duality. Good thoughts lead to good actions and vice versa. Man is a embodiment of Sankalpas and Vikalpas (resolutions and negations). True spiritual practice lies in controlling these thoughts and their aberrations.

Body attachment is the primary cause of all worries. Man cannot attain happiness without difficulties and worries. Pleasure is an interval between two pains. It is impossible to experience happiness without undergoing difficulties. There is divinity in every human being. The power latent in man is not present elsewhere. However, he is unable to make use of the divine power in him. Every man is endowed with Buddhi (intellect) which has immense potentiality. Vijnana (wisdom) is far superior to intellect. The principles of Buddhi and Vijnana have to be properly understood in the first instance.

On this day of Vinayaka Chaturthi, people make Kudumulu and Undrallu as special dishes and offer them to Vinayaka. They are special and unique in the sense that they are cooked on steam without any oil content. Til seeds, rice flour and jaggery are mixed, made into balls, cooked in steam and offered to Vinayaka. You should enquire into the purpose of making such an offering. Til seeds are good for the eyes. Steam-cooked preparations without any oil content are good for your digestive system. One who partakes of such food will be free from blood pressure and blood sugar and will always enjoy sound health and happiness. Food preparations, which are cooked on fire with oil content, are harmful to Jatharagni (digestive fire). Such food gives rise to various diseases. One can lead a long, happy and healthy life, if one avoids food with oil content. Vinayaka has a pot-belly but he has perfect health as he partakes of steam-cooked food without oil content.

Vinayaka is also called Vighneswara (remover of obstacles). No obstacle can come in the way of one who prays to Vinayaka. Worship of Vinayaka confers success in spiritual as well as worldly endeavours. God grants happiness at two levels, Pravritti (outward) and Nivritti (inward). Pravritti is related to physical body whereas Nivritti to intellect. The former undergoes change with the passage of time, whereas the latter remains unchanged. Hence, one should try to reduce body attachment with proper food and habits.

Excessive intake of food results in obesity and, consequently, heart will be subjected to greater strain to pump blood. Blood travels a distance of 12,000 miles in the body with each heartbeat. With increase in obesity, the circulation of blood and hence the functioning of heart will be impaired. Hence, one should exercise control over one's food habits. In fact that is what Vinayaka does.

People worship Vinayaka by offering Garika (a kind of white grass). What is the origin of this worship? Once Parvati and Parameswara were engaged in a game of dice. Nandi was asked to be the adjudicator. Nandi declared Easwara to be the winner each time. Mother Parvati thought that Nandi was biased in Easwara's favour. She became furious and pronounced a curse on Nandi that he should suffer from indigestion. At once Nandi fell at her feet and prayed, "Mother, I have not cheated you, nor did I show any favouritism towards Easwara. I have been highly impartial in my judgement. It is because of the power of His will that Easwara emerged victorious each time. Easwara's Sankalpa is Vajra Sankalpa (His will is bound to succeed). Hence, I seek your pardon and pray that I may be freed from the curse." Parvati at once took pity on him and said, "Nandi! on the fourth day of the month of Bhadrapada, you worship Vinayaka with Garika (white grass). You will be freed from indigestion when you partake of the grass offered to Vinayaka."

People who maintain pet dogs know this well. When they leave them in the lawns, the dogs search for white grass and eat it. What is the reason for this? The white grass is beneficial to their digestive system. Hence, we see that the offering made to Vinayaka ensures good health to one and all. Since times of yore, people believed that Vinayaka conferred His grace on those who worshipped Him on the fourth day of Bhadrapada month.

Today man is not making proper use of his Mathi (mind), Gathi (effort), Stithi (position) and Sampatthi (wealth). As a result, he is losing the sacred energy that God has given him. Not merely this. He is subjected to misery and grief because of his evil traits like Kama, Krodha and Lobha (desire, anger and greed). He has absolutely no control over his desires. When one desire is fulfilled, he craves for another. Anger is another evil trait which ruins man.

Hatred is more dangerous than anger. It gives rise to many evil qualities which come in the way of experiencing Divinity. Man is supposed to live for a hundred years, but his life-span is cut short by these evil qualities. When these evil traits are totally subdued, man can enjoy a long and happy life. He will not lose his life even if he were to meet with a serious accident. Man is tormented by the reflection, reaction and resound of his own evil qualities. Desire, anger and hatred are not human qualities; they are bestial tendencies. Man becomes a beast if he allows these wicked qualities to overpower him. He should constantly remind himself that he is a human being and not a beast. In this manner, he can keep a check over his bestial tendencies. Unfortunately, the youth of today are developing excessive desires and consequently their future is ruined.

Human life can be compared to a four-storeyed mansion. Brahmacharya, Grihastha, Vanaprastha and Sanyasa (celibacy, householdership, recluse and renunciant) are the four stages of human life. Brahmacharya is the foundation; if the foundation is strong, the other three stages will be automatically taken care of. But the modern youth are ruining three-fourth of their lives because they do not have a strong foundation of Brahmacharya. When elders advise them to pray to God for at least five minutes, they say they have no time, but they have all the time in the world to wallow in bad qualities and bad habits. Students and youth in particular should make every effort to build a strong foundation of Brahmacharya. Merely remaining a bachelor is not Brahmacharya; constant contemplation on Brahma is true Brahmacharya. Think of God and chant His Name under all circumstances. Lead a life of purity. Dedicate your life to the principle of love. This ensures the safety of the mansion of your life. You see the walls, you see the roof, you see the entire building, but you do not see the foundation. It is hidden underneath. However, the safety of the mansion which is seen from outside, rests on the unseen foundation. When you build a house, you design the walls and roof in such a manner to make it look attractive. But the foundation which bears the entire building does not require any beautification. Yet, it is the most important part of the building. Today man is not bothered about the foundation of life. He is more concerned about the external appearance.

The first stage in human life is Brahmacharya. 'Charya' means to conduct oneself. You should always think of Brahma. Your conduct should befit the stage of Brahmacharya. In olden days, the preceptor was referred to as Acharya, meaning one who practises before preaching. One who merely preaches without practising is only a teacher. He may be able to teach a few lessons but he will not be able to render any help in controlling your mind and attaining spiritual progress. Only a true Acharya can help you to control your mind. When we talk of Acharyas, two names readily come to our mind. One is Bhishmacharya and the other is Dronacharya. Dronacharya was the Guru of the Pandavas in the sense that he taught them the art of archery. Bhishmacharya was the spiritual teacher of the Pandavas. He was a great Jnani (one of wisdom). Jnana does not mean acquisition of textual knowledge. Advaita Darshanam Jnanam (perception of non-duality is supreme wisdom). A true Jnani is one who dedicates his body, mind, and intellect to God. He thinks only of God and nothing else. He performs his activities with the sole purpose of pleasing God. Sarva Karma Bhagavad Preethyartham (do all actions to please God). You should not crave for personal satisfaction. You should make every effort to please God. This was the only endeavour of Bhishmacharya. He was the son of Mother Ganga. All his life he obeyed the command of his mother and ultimately when his end approached, he wanted to experience the love and grace of his mother. He was wounded by the arrows shot by Arjuna and was lying on the bed of arrows for 58 days. His entire body was pierced with arrows. Before leaving his body, he requested Arjuna to bring his mother Ganga and quench his thirst. Arjuna means one with a pure heart. He had earned many appellations like Phalguna, Partha, Kiriti, Svetavahana, Bhibhatsa, Savyasaachi, Dhanunjaya, etc. On hearing the request of Bhishma, Arjuna with all his might shot an arrow into the earth. Immediately, mother Ganga sprang forth like a fountain and quenched the thirst of her son, Bhishma. Thus, he breathed his last peacefully.

Today we find many people bearing the name Arjuna, but their conduct does not match their name. In the famous pilgrim centre of Srisailam, the divine couple Bhramaramba and Mallikarjuna are the presiding deities. Bhramara means a honeybee and Amba means mother. Malli means Jasmine flower. Mallikarjuna symbolises a pure and white Jasmine flower. Just as a bee sucks honey from a flower, likewise, Bhramaramba enjoys the company of Mallikarjuna.

Among the Pandavas, Arjuna was considered to be the greatest because he was pure-hearted. He never caused any harm to the innocent. Never did he use his weapons against anyone without a valid reason. Before the commencement of war, Arjuna requested Krishna to go to the Kauravas on a peace mission. Krishna asked him, "Whom should I approach?" Arjuna said, "Oh Krishna, you are the all-knowing One. I don't need to give you any instructions. Please make every effort to avert the war." Krishna said, "What is the use of talking to the blind king Dhritarashtra? His attachment to his sons made him blind to the reality. He will listen to his sons but not to Me." However, Krishna went to Kauravas as an emissary. But as He had predicted, His peace mission failed. War became imminent. He came back and told Arjuna, "All My efforts proved futile. Be prepared for the war." Arjuna expressed his concern that many innocents would be killed in the war. Krishna said, "Arjuna, those who come to the battlefield will be totally prepared to face any eventuality. Nobody comes to the battlefield to merely watch the show. They are ready to give life or take life. So, there is no question of any innocents getting killed in the war. So, be prepared to fight." Arjuna wanted to convey this news to brother Dharmaraja. Both of them went to him. Right from the beginning Dharmaraja was against war. He had no choice but to accept. The same was conveyed to Nakula and Sahadeva. Though they were young, they were highly noble. They were endowed with greater virtues than even Arjuna and Dharmaraja. Their joy knew no bounds when they saw Krishna. Knowing fully well the wicked nature of the Kauravas, they were prepared for a war. They were not bothered about the outcome of Krishna's peace mission. They were all the time praying for His safe return. Such was their love for Krishna. Ultimately, Arjuna said, "Krishna, is it possible to get nectar out of poison? What is the use of giving good counsel to the wicked Kauravas? It is like throwing Jasmine flowers into the fire. Let us put an end to this talk of peace and get prepared for the war."

When they actually reached the battlefield, seeing the vast Kaurava army, Arjuna became despondent. He was concerned that many innocents would get killed in the battlefield. He was afraid that he would be the cause of grief to many families. He said, "Krishna, I cannot bear the sight of my own kith and kin getting killed in the battlefield. When I think of this, my head is reeling. Let's go back at once without wasting any time." Krishna pretended to be angry. He said, "Arjuna, it was you who instigated Me and brought Me to the battlefield. How can you behave in such a cowardly manner now? Shame on you!" At this juncture, He imparted the teaching of Bhagavadgita to Arjuna. It gave Arjuna the necessary strength to fight the battle. However, when he confronted Bhishma, he could not withstand his might. In order to instill courage in Arjuna, Krishna at once jumped from the chariot and said, "Arjuna, I will kill this Bhishma and protect you." Arjuna said, "Krishna, you have taken a vow that you will not fight the war. I don't want You to go back on Your word for my sake." As Krishna was approaching him, Bhishma folded his hands and prayed, "The one who is coming to kill me is the only one to rescue me." Such was the devotion of Bhishma.

Embodiments of Love!

Our history is replete with sacred inner meanings. But the modern youth do not pay any attention to our history. They waste their time in reading novels and meaningless stories. These Kathas (stories) will give only Vyathas (sorrow). Divine story alone teaches you the ideal path. His story is history. You should read such a sacred history, understand it and put it into practice. Sacred epics like the Ramayana, the Bhagavata and the Mahabharata are the repositories of great teachings. Likewise, the story of Vinayaka also has a great message for mankind. Vinayaka is the embodiment of wisdom. That is why all gods worship him. On this day of Vinayaka Chaturthi, students place their textbooks in front of the Vinayaka idol and offer their prayers. The inner meaning is that they should pray for the divine wisdom to be bestowed on them. It is most essential that the students to worship Vinayaka on this auspicious day. He fulfills the desires of his devotees. He confers only Anugraha (grace). He has no Agraha (anger). Hence, not only the Bharatiyas, even the people of other countries, worship Vinayaka.

At 2 o'clock in the afternoon, there is going to be a programme presented by our former students who are working for Sri Sathya Sai Central Trust. They are doing a lot of good work. There are a few elders who have been looking after the Trust affairs for the last 30 years. All these years, I have been personally supervising the day-to-day affairs of the Trust. Ever since my students have joined the Trust, they have taken up the responsibility and are doing a good job. Be it in Book Trust, or in Accommodation office or anywhere else in the Ashram, our students are rendering yeoman service. They speak gently and sweetly. They do not use harsh words. They follow the dictum: Help ever, Hurt never. These Sathya Sai Central Trust boys will present a programme in the afternoon in which they will talk about various activities of the Trust. Each one of you must necessarily listen to what they have got to say. Whatever they are going to say is purely based on their own experience. My boys always speak the truth. They will not utter a lie, even for fun. They will be conveying the message of truth in the afternoon programme. They are young in age, but they are very efficient in their work. They are taking keen interest in the activities undertaken by the Trust. They are propagating Swami's message all over the world. I am extremely happy that these boys have come up well in life. They are highly intelligent. If they are asked a question, they give a suitable and a prompt reply. Five boys are looking after our Central Trust accounts. Likewise, some boys are working for our Books and Publications. You do not find mismanagement of even a Naya Paisa. They are very honest. Every Paisa is accounted for. They are endowed with noble qualities, good habits and ideal character. See it for yourself in the afternoon. They are actively involved in broadcasting all the programmes that are conducted in Prasanthi Nilayam over the Radio Sai Global Harmony Channel 24 hours a day. Though they are young boys, speak in a highly polished language. You are going to listen to them in the afternoon. It is essential that you learn their language. After all they are your brothers. All are brothers and sisters. I want every one of you to get such an opportunity and come up well in life.

[Bhagavan concluded His Discourse with the Bhajan, "Bhajana Bina Sukha Santhi Nahin]